O Varroa destructor e suas implicações nas abelhas Apis melliferas
Varroa destructor and its implications for Apis melliferas bees
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61223/coopex.v14i1.116Palavras-chave:
Varroa, ácaro, acaricida, ectoparasitaResumo
Com o passar dos anos, o franco desenvolvimento e evolução do sistema alimentar tem garantido o acesso à alimentação básica em todo o planeta e a apicultura tem exercido papel-chave neste processo. Por conta da polinização de plantações agrícolas e também do fornecimento de produtos derivados do mel, as abelhas têm sido cada vez mais estudadas na área de sistemas agroindustriais para que se garanta a sobrevivência e produtividade de suas colônias. Atualmente um dos principais desafios para garantir a saúde das colônias é o enfrentamento do ectoparasita Varroa destructor. Este ácaro tem sido o principal vilão para as abelhas melíferas ocidentais por conta de suas características parasitárias, seu ciclo de reprodução e principalmente por ser vetor de transmissão de diversas doenças. Os apicultores utilizam diversas técnicas e práticas para redução ou erradicação de ácaros, como métodos apícolas biotécnicas, acaricidas sintéticos e acaricidas orgânicos ou suaves, e novos desafios surgem de acordo com a abordagem escolhida para o tratamento. São frequentes os relatos de contaminação do mel, exposição das abelhas a acaricidas em doses subletais, evolução genética dos ácaros a determinados acaricidas, entre outras adversidades. A continuidade de estudos de campo e laboratoriais são determinantes para que as práticas dos apicultores quanto ao enfrentamento ao Varroa seja efetivo e não produza efeitos colaterais a longo ou a curto prazo.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Athos Cardoso Pereira de Souza, Flávio Franklin Ferreira de Almeida, Rosilene Agra da Silva, Aline Carla de Medeiros, Jose Nunes de Oliveira Neto, Thyago Araujo Gurjao, Geovergue Rodrigues Medeiros, Daniel Santiago Pereira, Patricio Borges Maracaja
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